Heating system.



J. COLLIS.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 9, 1906.

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J. COLLIS.

HEATING SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 9, 190a.

Patented Aug. 17, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

|NVENTOR'- ,JOHN COLLIS, OF NEWARK, NEW .l'ERSEY.

HEATING SYSTEM a nm esnoav.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 17, 1905;.

Application filed July 9, 1908. I Serial No. 442,633.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, J on CoLLIs, a citizen this specification.

This invention relates, generally, to im-,

provements in systems for heating building-s; and, the present invention relates, more particularly, to a novel steam-heating system in which the air is first ex elled' from the apparatus with pressure, while generating a pressure in the heatenerator, then automatically closing the damper in the smoke-flue, at a predetermined pressure,

and at the same time closing ofi altogether the draft by means of a thermostat, or other suitable device which is regulated by the temperature required, and the heating sys tem thereupon being adapted to heat the building by means of the vapor generated by boiling the water-in'the generator under vacuum.

norma lly wi This invention, therefore, has for its rincipal object to rovide a novel'steameating system of t 1e general character hereinafter more fully set forth comprising at circulating system of pipes, and radiators located at different points in said pipes,

through which the heating medium is to be conducted from a heat-generatorlocated in said system of piping,, the said heat-generator havin its damper in the smoke-flue de' open, but closing automat ically as soon as a predetermined pressure is produced in the heat-generator, said pressure expelling any air, that may be contained in the system of pi ing and radiators, from suitable exhanstwa ves which may be variously located in the system of piping for producing a vacuum and the invention having for its further nrposes to automatically close or shut 01f at a predetermined or desired degree of temperature, the draft to the furnace or heatenerator, while the building is being heated by-the vapor generated by boiling the water undervacnum.

My invention has for its further purposes to provide in connection with the heating system to. be hereinafter more fully described, an automatically 0 crating air exhaust. or exhausts located within the system of piping at any suitable point or points.

Other objects of this invention not at this time more particularly enumerated will be clearly evident from the following detailed description of my present invention.

With the various objects of my present inventionin view, the said invention consists, primarily, in the novel heating system hereinafter set forth; and, the invention consists, furthermore, in the novel arrangements and combinations of devices and 111- strumentalities embodying the principal features of the present invention, as well as in the details of the construction of the various parts of the same, all of which will be more fully described in the following specification, and then finally embodied in the clauses of the claims which are appended to and which form an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatical representa- ,.t-ion of a heating system or apparatus showing one embodiment of the principles of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional representation of one of the auto matic air-exhausts used with the heating system; and Fig. 3 is a top view of the same.

Similar characters of reference are employed in all of the above described views, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the said drawings, the reference-character 1 indicates any suitable form of heat-generator or lrnace, 2 is the smoke-flue of the same, and 3 the ash-pit door, said latter door being provided with the usual movable draft-controlling member or element 4 which is hinged over the usual opening in the door 3 by means of es 5,

substantially as shown in Fig. 1 o the drawings. In the present case, the heatgenerator is provided with a manifold, as 6, of any usual construction, from which extends a main pipe 7, leading to the various heaters or radiators located at difi'erent points in a building.

In Fig. l of the drawings, I-have shown for the purposes of my present invention, a radiator, as .8, and 9 indicates a suitable T-fitting located in the main pipe 7. Connected with and ektending fromsaid fitting.

are suitable T-fittings 18, which are suitably connected by a pipe 19 of smaller diameter which forms a by-pass around the said check-valve, substantially as shown, and y for the purposes to be hereinafter more fully set forth. The said return-pipe 15 extends into and terminates in a suitable tank or reservoir 20, with which it is connected to receive any water of condensation and air coming from said ipe 16. At thesbottom of the tank is a pipe 21, which in turn is connected with one of the return-manifolds, as 22, at the sides and lower portions of the heat-generator or furnace with which the manifolds are suitably connected in any well-known and usual manner. The pipe may be provided with a closing valve 23, substantially as shown. Extending from the top-cover or head 24 of said tank .or reservoir 20 is a pipe 25 which may be provided with a shut-off valve 26 and to which is attached a suitably constructed air-exhaust 27.

Any suitably constructed device for exhausting the air from the tank or reservoir may be used, that herein shown being automatic in its operation. This automatic airexhaust is more clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and the same consists of a main tube 28 having a lower screw-threaded end-portion 29 which is screwed into one of the usual and internally screw-threaded portions of the valve 26. The upper end-portion of the said tube 28 is also screw-threaded, as at 30, and said end-portion of the tube 28 is made with a valve-seat 31 upon which is loosely disposed a suitably constructed valve or valve-d sk 32. Suitablyscrewed upon the screw-threaded portion 29 is a plate 33, and screwed upon the screw-threaded portion 30 is another plate 34, the said plates 33 and 34 bein tied by means of the tie-bolts 35 which are s i ped through suitable sleeves -37, substantia y as shown, and are secured by means of nuts 38 and 39'arranged upon suitably dis osed screw-threaded portions 36 of said tielts; Upon the upper screw-threaded end-portions 40 of said bolts are other nuts 41 and 42, which suitably secure another plate 43 in position, in the manner shown. This plate 43 is located at such a dlstance above the valve 32, so that the valve will be ca able of a limited movement from its va ve-seat without entirely withdrawing the stem 44 of the valve-disk from within the tube 28, as will be clearly evident. If desired, leading from any one or more of the suitably disposed radiators, there may be a return-pipe 45 which is connected at its end 46 with the tank or reservoir 20 in the manner shown in said Fig. 1 of the drawings, the said return-pipe 45 having located therein a multiplicity of T'-fittings 47 with which are connected the air-return pipes 48. The said pipes 48 are all of them preferably connected with each other by means of suitablefittings 49 and the pipe 50, and connected with the upper end-portion of a pi e 48 is a closing-valve .148 and an air-ex aust 27,

which are generally arranged and constructed in the manner of the valve and exhaust 27 described in-connection with the tank or reservoir 20, the purpose being to exhaust any air through the exhaust-device 27, and

any water of condensation coming through i the pipes 48 fiowin down into the main return-pipe 45, as will be clearly evident. Extending from the manifold 6 is a small pipe 51, carrying the branches 51 and 52, one of which, as 51', is provided with a steam-gage 53, and the other branch 52 being provided with a vacuum gage54. Extending from the pipe 51 and connected with one of the return-manifolds 22 is a pipe 55 in which is arranged any suitable construction of watergage 56. The reference-character 57 indicates any suitable construction of damperregulator which is operated from the steampressure generated 1n the heat-generator or boiler, the said damper-regulator comprising the usual pivoted lever 58, upon w ich is slidably arranged a weight 59. The free end of the said lever 58 has attached thereto, at or'near its free end-portion, a flexible connection 60 which in turn is fastened at its other end to a suitable crank-arm 61 of the usual damper arranged in the smoke-pipe or flue 2.

The. means for lowering and raising the previously mentioned draft-producing member or element 4 which is connected with the door 3 is as follows :It consists, generally,

chanical thermometer 62, and a suitably constructed motor 63 of ample power for the task imposed upon it. The mechanism of the motor is in circuit with the thermostat by means of the electric wires 64, 65 and 66, in one of which is an electric battery 67. The construction of the thermostat is such that with the varying temperatures the mechanism of the motor is operated in such a manner, so that a crank-arm 68 can be brought into different positions, whereby a flexible connection 69, which passes over suitably disposed rollers or wheels 70, and is attached at one end to said crank-arm 68 and at its other end to the hinged member or element 4 of the door 3, will raise or lower the, said member or element. 4, as will be clearly evident, and for the purposes hereinafter more fully'specified. Connected with and extending from the manifold 6 is another main pipe 71 in which there is an arrangement of T-fittings 7 2 for connection to said main pipe 71 of any suitable number of risers 73 which convey the heating medium to variously located heaters or radiators, as 74. In this instance, each riser 73 is provided with a T-fitting 75, a pipe 76 being arranged between each fitting and theinletportion 77 of the radiator 74, and a suitable valve 78 being located in said pipe 76.. The reference-character ,79 indicates a returnriser provided with a T-fitting 80, and 81 is a pipe located between the outlet-portion 82 of the radiator and said fitting 80, said pipe 81' being provided with a closing valve 83. The said return-riser 79 is connected with the lower portion of a suitable tank or reservoir 84, adapted to receive the water of condensation, a pipe leading from the lower portion of said tank or reservoir 84 and being'connected by means of a T-fitting 85 with a main return-pipe 86 which is connected by means of a fitting, as 87, and a pipe 88 extending therefrom, with one of the return-manifolds 22', substantially as shown.-

Extending from the upper portion or head 89 of said tank or reservoir 84 is a pipe 90 -which may be providediwith a shut-off valve 91, and an air-exhaust, as 92, of the same construction and similar operation as the previously described air-exhaust 27. In place of the tank or reservoir 84, the main return-pipe 86 may have connected therewith, by means of a T-fitting 93, a pipe 94 which extends above the water-line, and is provided upon its upper end-portion with an automatically operating air-exhaust 95, similar in construction and in operationto the air-exhausts 92 and 27. Connected with said pipe 94, by means of a T-fitting 96, at a point below the water-line, is another return-riser or pipe 97 coming from any one of the radiators located in the system of piping.

Having thus in a general way described one general arrangement of the several devices and instrumentalities, as well as the system of piping, embodyin the features of my present invention, I wil now brlefly set forth the operation of the heating system. Having filled theheat-generator or boiler 1 with water to the height indicated by the dotted line AA 'in Fig. 1, and having started a fire upon the'grate, the damper in the smoke-flue being set in its open relation,

and the normal action of the thermostat 62 and the motor 63 being such that the member or element- 4 will be raised, so as to provide a good draft, steam 1s generated to. any

the pipes from the automatically operat-- 111g air-exhausts, previously described, any water of condensation returning to the heater, as will be clearly evident. The damper-regulator having been set sothat it will become operative, when a pressure say of one pound is produced, will by means of its lever-arm and the flexible connection entirely close the damper in the smoke-flue except of course the usual orifice in the damper for permitting the escape of any generated gases. the various rooms of the building has risen, say to seventy degrees, or any other previously determined temperature, the action of the thermostat is such, that the motor (33 is permitted to operate the crank-arm connected therewith in such a manner, so that the element or member 4 is entirely closed.

and the draft to the furnace is shut off.

The air having been forced and fully withdrawn from the radiators and exhausted into the atmosphere, the water in the boiler is boiled under a'aac11u1n, thus continuing to heat the house with the generated heatvapor, and requiring less consumption of fuel and less radiator-surface. As soon as the pressure falls below one pound, the damper-regulator again becomes operative to set the damper in its opened relation within the smoke flue. Likewise, if the temperature falls below seventy degrees, the

heat-vapor being conducted to the radiators for heating the varlous rooms of a building.

I claim A 1. In a steam heating apparatus, a generator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue, a radiator, a system of piping connecting said generator and radiator, means in said system for ermitting the. passage of air therefrom w ien the pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined point, said means preventingxthe return of air to:

Vhen the temperature in 'said system, draft-controlling means connected with the air-inlet to saidgenerator,

a damper for controlling the outlet flue, an

automatic regulator for operating said damper according to the pressure within the generator, a thermostat, a motor controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor and said draft-controlling means arranged" to automatically close said draftcontrolling means when the temperature rises to a predetermined degree, and all further adapted to boil the water in the generator under avacuum substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a steam heating apparatus, a gen erator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue,

' ling means arranged to automatically close said draft controlling means when the temperature 'rises to a predetermined degree,

and all further adapted to boil the water in the generator under a vacuum, substantially as and for the purposes set -forth. 3. In a steam heating apparatus, a generator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue,

a radiator, a system of piping connecting sald generator and radiator, means in sai system for permitting the passage of air therefrom when the pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined point, said means preventing the return of air to said system, draft-controlling means connected with the air-inlet to said generator, a damper for controlling the outlet-flue, an automatic regulator for operating said damper according to the pressure within the generator, means in said system of piping for collectin an air and water of condensation, a thermostat, a motor controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor'and sa id draft-controlling means arranged to automatically close sald draftcontrolling means when the temperature rises to a predetermined degree, and all further adapted to boil the water in the generator'under a vacuum, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4; In a steam heating apparatus,fa generator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue, a radiator, a system of piping connecting said generator andradiator, automatically operating means insaid system for permitting the passage of air therefrom when the pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined point, said means preventing the return of air to said system, draft-controlling means connected with the air-inlet to said generator, a damper for controlling the outlet-flue, an automatic regulator for operating said damper according to the pressure within the generator, means in said system of piping for collecting any air and water of condensation,-a thermostat, a motor controlledby said thermostat, and means between said motor and draft-controlling means arranged to automatically close said draft-controlling means when the temperature rises to a predetermined degree, and all further adapted to boil the -water in the generator under a vacuum, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a steam heating apparatus, a generator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue, a radiator, a system of piping connecting said generator and radiator, means in said system for permitting the passage of air therefrom when the pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined po1nt,. said means preventing the return of air to said system, draft-controlling means connected with the air-inlet to said generator, a damper for controlling the outlet-flue, an automatic regulator for operating said damper according to the pressure within the generator, a receiving tank in said system of piping for collecting any air and water of condensation, a thermostat, a motor controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor and said draft-controlling means arranged to automatically close said draft-controlling means when the temperature rises to a predetermined degree, and all further adapted to boil the water in the generator under avacuum, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a steam-heating apparatus, a generator having an air-inlet an d an outlet-flue, a radiator, a system of piping connecting said generator and radiator, automatically operating means in said system for permitting the passage of air therefrom when the pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined point, said means preventing the return of air to said system, draft-controlling means connected with the air-inlet to said generator, a damper for controlling the outlebfiue, an automatic regulator for operating said damper according to the pressure within the generator, a receiving tank in said system of piping for collecting any air and water of condensation, a thermostat, a motor controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor and said draftcontrolling means arranged to automatically close said draft-controllm means when the temperature rises to a pre etermined degree,

and all further adapted to boilthewater in the generator under a vacuum, substantially" in as and for-the purposes set forth.

v '7 In a steam heating ap aratus, a generv 'ator havmg an a1r -inlet an an outlet-flue, a

radiator, asystem-of piping connectin said generator andradiator, means in sal system for ermitting the passage of air'there from 'w en the pressure in. the generator gnses 'above a. predetermined pomt, sald means preventing the return of air to said -system, consisting of. a tubular member pro'- 1 *"vided with a valve-seat, a valve-disk resting 'upon said'seagand means for limiting the" movement h-of; said valve disk, all 7 combined with draft-controlling means connectedwith 4 the alir-inlettosaid generatonia damperkfor controlling the oiitleteflue', an automatic-regulator for'operatmg 'saiddamper according to the. ressure within the generator, athermostat,=a f motor controlled by said thermostat,'and=meansl between said motor and said draft-controlling means arranged to auto-o 'matically close said draftc0ntrol1ing means when the temperaturev rises to apredetermined degreaand all further adapted to "jhoil the.- water in the generator under a I vacuum, substantially as and for the pur- 'poses set forth. I

. a radiator, a systemof piping connecting 8. Ina steam heatingapparatus a gen orator having an air-inlet and an outlet-flue,

said generator and radiator, means in sai system-- for perm1tting the. passage of air a t N erefro'm when the pressure the genera-.' ,tor rlsesfabove avpredetermined point, said means preventing the return of air 'to'said system, consisting; of a tubular member pro upon said seat and means for limitin vided with a-valve-se'at,'avalve-disk resting v the movement of said" valve-disk, all-com ined with draft controlling means connected with the air-inlet to generator, a damper for controlling the" outlet-flue, an automatic regulater -for- ,ope'ra'ti-rigi saiddamper accordlng thegeneratorymeans to h res and said draft-controllin in said system of pi ing for collecting any air and water of con ensation, a thermostat, a motorv controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor and said draftcontrolling means arranged to automatically close said draft-controlhn means when the temperature rises to a pre etermined degree, and all further adapted to boil the water 1n thegenerator under a vacuum, substantially as and for thepurposes setfor-th.

, -9.111 a steam heating ap aratus, a enerator having an air-inlet an an. outletno, a radiator, a system of piping connecting saidi generator and radiator, means in sald system" for ermitting the passage of air therefrom-w en the-pressure in the generator rises above a predetermined point, said 'meanspreventing the return of air to said collecting any air and water of condensation,

a thermostat, a motor controlled by said thermostat, and means between said motor 7 means arran ed to automatically close sai draft-controlling means when the temperature rises to a determined degree, and all further adapted pre-- to boil the Water in the generator under a vacuum, substantially as and for the purposes set-forth. v

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand a this 3rd day of July, 1908.

. JOHN COLLIS. 'Witnessesf I FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, ANNA H. ALTER. 

